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Heaven and Man: The meaning integration in the interactive interpretation of “The Book of Changes” and “Years”
Author: Chen Yao (Xiangshan Yuelu Bookstore)
Source: “Zhongshan Major” (Social Science Edition) Issue 2, 2023
Abstract: The “Book of Changes” uses the three talents of “Heaven-earth-Man” to build a communication channel between “destiny” and “personnel”, and completes the theoretical design of the relationship between heaven and man at the cosmic layer. Dong Zhongshu used the “Three Strategies of Heaven and Man” learned based on “Year” to give “Heaven” a clear and transcendent will, making it a source of theoretical sources of the throne that conforms to the law. Through the interactive interpretation and meaning integration of the two classics of the Book of Changes and Ages, Han Dynasty not only made continuous requests for the virtues and qualities of the king, but also gradually shifted the source of the theory that politics conforms to the law from the “way of the previous kings” to the “way of heaven”, and finally combined the theoretical basis of Confucianism’s theory of heaven and man and political interpretation. After that, the former scholars represented by Zheng Xuan and Zhu Xi would combine classical catalogs and ideological thinking based on different theoretical or political needs, and construct various classical systems and commentary methods.
Keywords: classical retelling; Baoqing.com ppt“Book of Changes”; “Year”; Integration of meaning;
There are two paradigms in the study of Chinese academic history: one is to take special studies as the subject, and to use each book such as “The Book of Changes”, “People”, and “Age” as the object, and to conduct research on special studies and their annotations. For example, “Classical Research” issued by Zhou Yutong in “The Chinese History of Chinese Studies” is the representative; the other is to take dynasty as the subject, such as “History of Chinese Studies” by Honda Seizure Preparation amount, Ma Zonghuo’s “History of Chinese Studies”, Jiang Guanghui’s “History of Chinese Studies and Thoughts”, etc., are all catalogues in order of time, which is also the mainstream paradigm in historical writing. In this kind of interim study, two representative paradigms can also be divided into detailed: one is to take characters as the object, and the classical remarks activities and thinking of experienced teachers and scholars are the focus of the discussion; the other is to continue to develop by itself in accordance with the classics, and to discuss the annotations and comments of each classic in the specific era. For example, Liu Teacher Pei’s first book of “Study and Educational Books” is the representative. In recent years, the study history research works or textbooks compiled by Xu Daoyun and Xu Hongxing, the study history generals compiled by Ye Guoliang and Xia Changpu, and the study history of Ye Jingfang, etc. are mostly a combination of these two paradigms, including both a single introduction and a content of the study history of the past.
Whether it is a study of the different historical periods or a study of the historical periods, each discussion of the study of the historical period can form a completely independent system. But,In addition to the self-consistent and closed system formed by each classic, the interactive remarks between the classical systems also show a different form during the history of divergence: either through the combination and connection of multiple classical systems, a learning system that exceeds the scope of each classic itself; or through the mutual indicative of the classical system, a new classical paradigm is created. In the two existing historical research forms of “special” and “due to generation”, although these two dimensions are also touched, due to their fixed frame, it is impossible to highlight the interactive remarks and meanings between the different classics. In the view of writers, the open interaction between the classical and the classical itself has formed a dynamic force for the development of classical essays in conflict, and has cooperated to promote the development and evolution of classical essays in Chinese history. Starting from the two periods, while exploring the problems of the relationship between heaven and man, the “Book of Changes” and “Years” distributed friends with similar problem ideas, and in the interactive explanation, they laid the theoretical foundation of Confucian universe and political philosophy since Western Han Dynasty.
1. The theoretical value of the “Book of Changes” and “Years” is established with the tree of the group system
The birth dates and months of the five sections are different, and there are also various views on the process of writing the classics. From the single book to the formation of a system covering five periods, it has gone through a long process from the war between the country and the Han Dynasty. Although the establishment of a doctorate in Han Dynasty was early, Emperor Wen had established “Speech”, “Filial Piety”, and “Mencius” as doctors [1], but the doctors were confirmed as academic officials in terms of true meaning, and it was late when Emperor Wu of Han established the Wushu Ph.D. The establishment of the position of PhD in the Five Dynasties not only marks the official theory that Confucianism has since become an official academic statement, but also means that Confucian political philosophy focusing on academics begins to have an impact on the abstract theoretical basis and the actual political reality.
One of the main basis that this influence can be produced is the Confucianism’s proof that the throne is in compliance with the legal principles. On the one hand, in Confucian political philosophy, the origin of the throne in conformity with the law is traced to “Heaven”. The plot of the three talent structure of “Heaven-Earth-Man” in the “Yi Ji” plays a theoretical role in communicating “Destiny” and “People and Things”. The destiny of heaven can be traced back to the ancient historical events established by Confucianism. Heaven gradually possesses a will beyond nature from pure and natural heaven. The will of heaven also becomes a guarantee of conforming to the law of human affairs, and the concept of “destiny of heaven” becomes a guarantee of conforming to the law of morality and meaning. The “Book of Changes” provides needed theoretical guarantees on the level of connection between destiny and human affairs.
She hoped that her companion could accompany her and take care of her family, but Chen Jubai was still there, but on the other hand, the reason why Han Dynasty politics needed to prove that her throne was in line with legal principles by the method of building a Confucian academic system was to prove that her throne was in line with legal principles. First, it was due to the need for the new dynasty to meet the legal principles after the establishment of the new dynasty. Secondly, it was also a historical fact that the Qin Dynasty died in the second generation. It was urgently necessary to complete the construction of the theoretical system in order to achieve a long period of stability. As everyone knows,The Qin people used force as the foundation of their country. Although they could achieve supremacy in a short time and control Liuhe, the theoretical dilemma of this deliberate logic was that the energy of other forces exceeded their own silence, and they performed a lot of editing in later production to create drama effects. At that time, we can only fight with force, without the binding force of high moral standards. When the enemy is weak, we are destined to lose the whole country, and there is no reason to blame the other party for morality. Therefore, the virtue proposition behind the Confucian “destiny” theory is also the reason why he was attacked by the Qing Dynasty.
As long as this is the legal issue, the legal issue is not ended with the political philosophy based on the theory of destiny of heaven in the Book of Changes and becomes the official theory, because the political power derived from the “destiny of heaven” complies with the legal theory, Caiying market is not only influenced by the Han Dynasty, but is destined to maintain the Confucian sage king system from Shun, Yu to King Wen and King Wu. This means that the Confucian sage king system must also handle changes in the legal nature of the regime. In other words, the argument for destiny is not a perfect match, but it will also face the question of the change of destiny. This question leads to two theoretical questions that must be answered: First, why did the Han Dynasty be destined to become the new ruler of the nation? Second, how to deal with the related problems between the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty and the Two Zhou Dynasties?
So, the source of the theoretical layer is only one aspect of the proof of political power in compliance with legality; more importantly, it is to maintain the compliance with legality or justity of the actual politics in the purview of the purview. Wha TC:
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